解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::The groundwater of Jeju Island (Republic of Korea) is vulnerable to contamination because its aquifers are mainly composed of highly permeable geological units and its agricultural fields are often exposed to excessive use of predominantly synthetic fertilizers. In the Gosan area of Jeju Island, we investigated nitrat...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2011.0417
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Wisconsin Phosphorus Index (WPI) is one of several P indices in the United States that use equations to describe actual P loss processes. Although for nutrient management planning the WPI is reported as a dimensionless whole number, it is calculated as average annual dissolved P (DP) and particulate P (PP) mass de...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2012.0001
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::When wetlands are disturbed by cattle, pulses of contaminants may be released. We studied nitrogen exports from a small pastoral wetland (1725 m) in the Lake Taupo Catchment, New Zealand, to which cattle and sheep had periodic access. Flow, turbidity, and water quality samples were collected at the wetland outlet over...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2010.0435
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Livestock impacts on total suspended solids (TSS) and pathogen (e.g., ) levels in rangeland streams are a serious concern worldwide. Herded stream crossings by domestic sheep () are periodic, necessary managerial events on high-elevation rangelands, but their impacts on stream water quality are largely unknown. We eva...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2012.0005
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study focused on the dissipation of propanil and 3,4 dichloroaniline (3,4 DCA) over time in the soil, field water, inlet water, and outlet water of paddy fields under three management systems: conventional water seeding (CON), conventional water seeding with supplied liquid manure (LMA), and dry seeding (DRY). Pr...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2012.0175
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eco-environmental quality assessment (EQA) is an intricate and challenging task that must take into account numerous natural, economic, political, and social factors, which are subject to multiple conflicting criteria. In this paper, a methodological reference framework is developed for EQA that combines the fuzzy Del...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2011.0390
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Due to its resistance to many wastewater treatment processes, the antiepileptic drug carbamazepine (CBZ) is routinely found in wastewater effluent. Wastewater irrigation is an alternative to stream discharge of wastewater effluent, which utilizes the soil as a tertiary filter to remove excess nutrients and has the pot...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2011.0193
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The widespread use of chromium (Cr) has a deleterious impact on the environment. A number of pathways, both biotic and abiotic in character, determine the fate and speciation of Cr in soils. Chromium exists in two predominant species in the environment: trivalent [(Cr(III)] and hexavalent [Cr(VI)]. Of these two forms,...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2011.0145
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interest in the use of biochar from pyrolysis of biomass to sequester C and improve soil productivity has increased; however, variability in physical and chemical characteristics raises concerns about effects on soil processes. Of particular concern is the effect of biochar on soil N dynamics. The effect of biochar on...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2011.0133
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Biochar has been heralded as an amendment to revitalize degraded soils, improve soil carbon sequestration, increase agronomic productivity, and enter into future carbon trading markets. However, scientific and economic technicalties may limit the ability of biochar to consistently deliver on these expectations. Past r...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2134/jeq2011.0069
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) slurry (PS) is commonly applied as fertilizer to agricultural fields. Knowledge of PS nitrogen content is essential for good management, but PS nitrogen content is highly variable, not only between farms but also within a farm. Laboratory analysis of animal slurries is often expensive and i...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2011.0352
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objectives of this research were to evaluate nitrate N (NO³-N) leaching and turf response to nitrogen rate (NR) and irrigation regime (IR) in 'Floratam' St. Augustinegrass ( [Walt.] Kuntze.) and 'Empire' zoysiagrass ( Steud). The research was conducted in Citra, FL, from 2005 through 2007. Nitrogen (N) was applied...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2011.0183
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The loss of phosphorus (P) from land to water is detrimental to surface water quality in many parts of New Zealand and Australia. Farming, especially pasture-based dairying, can be a source of P loss, but preventing it requires a range of fully costed strategies because little or no subsidies are available and the eff...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2134/jeq2011.0041
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Efficient use of manure nutrients by crops is necessary to minimize losses to the environment. This field study examined the possibility of replacing side-banded mineral P with precision-placed high-P sludge (6.2-11.0% dry matter) obtained after settling dairy manure slurry. The sludge was injected at about 30 kg P ha...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2011.0284
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Imidacloprid is a systemic insecticide effective in controlling the exotic pest (hemlock woolly adelgid) in eastern hemlock () trees. Concerns over imidacloprid impacts on nontarget species have limited its application in southern Appalachian ecosystems. We quantified the movement and adsorption of imidacloprid in fo...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2011.0306
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The European Union Water Framework Directive (WFD) requires Member States to set water quality objectives and identify cost-effective mitigation measures to achieve "good status" in all waters. However, costs and effectiveness of measures vary both within and between catchments, depending on factors such as land use a...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2010.0544
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nitrates (NO(3)-N) lost through subsurface drainage in the Midwest often exceed concentrations that cause deleterious effects on the receiving streams and lead to hypoxic conditions in the northern Gulf of Mexico. The use of drainage and water quality models along with observed data analysis may provide new insigh...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2010.0466
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is necessary to determine the risk of water pollution arising from amendment of organic by-products (OBs) to energy crops under Irish conditions. Therefore, the impact of landspreading two OBs on the quality of groundwater underlying plantations of Miscanthus X giganteus was assessed. Municipal biosolids and distil...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2011.0138
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Canada's National Agri-Environmental Standards Initiative sought to develop an environmental benchmark for low-level waterborne pathogen occurrence in agricultural watersheds. A field study collected 902 water samples from 27 sites in four intensive agricultural watersheds across Canada from 2005 to 2007. Four of the ...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2010.0253
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Greater demand for corn ( L.) stover for bioenergy use may lead to increased corn production acreage with minimal surface residue cover, resulting in greater risk for soil erosion and phosphorus (P) losses in runoff. A rainfall simulation study was conducted to determine the effects of spring-applied dairy cow () manu...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2010.0505
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three promising phytoextracting perennial weed species [ L. (ox-eye daisy), L. (curly dock), and L. (Canada goldenrod)] were planted in monoculture plots at two polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-contaminated sites in southern Ontario and followed over 2 yr to investigate the effects of plant age, contaminant characteri...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2011.0144
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nitrogen (N) application to crops generally results in increased nitrous oxide (NO) emissions. Commercially available, enhanced-efficiency N fertilizers were evaluated for their potential to reduce NO emissions from a clay loam soil compared with conventionally used granular urea and urea-ammonium nitrate (UAN) fertil...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2011.0194
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rapid economic and industrial growth of China, exemplified by a 10-fold increase in its gross domestic product in the past 15 years, has lifted millions of its citizens out of poverty but has simultaneously led to severe environmental problems. The World Health Organization estimates that approximately 2.4 million...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2011.0170
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nitrate-nitrogen (NO₃-N) loading to surface water bodies from subsurface drainage is an environmental concern in the midwestern United States. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of various land covers on NO₃-N loss through subsurface drainage. Land-cover treatments included (i) conventional corn...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2011.0151
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::State and federal regulatory agencies depend on quality field data for determining the effects of agricultural management practices on fumigant emissions to develop sound, science-based policies and regulations on preplant soil fumigants. Field plot tests, using growers' standard field operation procedures, were used ...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2009.0422
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Concentrated animal feeding operations emit trace gases such as ammonia (NH₃), methane (CH₄), carbon dioxide (CO₂), and nitrous oxide (N₂O). The implementation of air quality regulations in livestock-producing states increases the need for accurate on-farm determination of emission rates. The objective of this study w...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2009.0515
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Erosion and runoff from pastures may lead to degradation of surface water. A 2-yr grazing study was conducted to quantify the effects of grazing management on sediment, phosphorus (P), and pathogen loading of streams in cool-season grass pastures. Six adjoining 12.1-ha pastures bisected by a stream in central Iowa wer...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2010.0524
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Soil concentrations and degradation rates of methyl isothio-cyanate (MITC), chloropicrin (CP), 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D), and dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) were determined under fumigant application scenarios representative of commercial raised bed, plastic mulched vegetable production systems. Five days after applicati...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2010.0494
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efficacy of vegetative buffer strips (VBS) in removing herbicides deposited from surface runoff is related to the ability of plant species to promote rapid herbicide degradation. A growth chamber study was conducted to compare C-atrazine (ATR) degradation profiles in soil rhizospheres from different forage grasses...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2010.0440
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pharmaceutical compounds (PCs) and dissolved organic matter (DOM) are co-introduced into soils by irrigation with reclaimed wastewater. We targeted carbamazepine (CBZ) as a model compound to study the tertiary interactions between relatively polar PCs, DOM, and soil. Sorption-desorption behavior of CBZ was studied wit...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2010.0446
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Agroforestry, the deliberate integration of trees into agricultural operations, sequesters carbon (C) while providing valuable services on agricultural lands. However, methods to quantify present and projected C stocks in these open-grown woody systems are limited. As an initial step to address C accounting in agrofor...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2010.0098
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Operator-controlled and computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy (CCSEM) are used extensively to characterize particulate matter in environmental media. Analysis in a scanning electron microscope (SEM) coupled with chemical extraction is a potentially powerful tool that is capable of determining how various sa...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2010.0315
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Riparian wetlands have been shown to be effective "sinks" for nitrate N (NO3-), minimizing the downstream export of N to streams and coastal water bodies. However, the vast majority of riparian denitrification research has been in agricultural and forested watersheds, with relatively little work on riparian wetland fu...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2010.0335
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Isoxaflutole is a preemergence herbicide that has been marketed as a substitute for atrazine. It is rapidly transformed to a more stable and soluble diketonitrile degradate (DKN) after field application and can further degrade to a benzoic acid degradate (BA) within soil. However, no previous research has been conduct...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2010.0338
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Surface application of manure in reduced tillage systems generates nuisance odors, but their management is hindered by a lack of standardized field quantification methods. An investigation was undertaken to evaluate odor emissions associated with various technologies that incorporate manure with minimal soil disturban...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2010.0094
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Land application of manure can exacerbate nutrient and contaminant transfers to the aquatic environment. This study examined the effect of injecting a dairy cattle (Bostaurus L.) manure slurry on mobilization and leaching of dissolved, nonreactive slurry components across a range of agricultural soils. We compared lea...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2010.0317
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Land treatment of municipal wastewater effluent is a proven method for augmenting freshwater resources and avoiding direct nutrient discharges to surface waters. We assessed changes in soil test phosphorus (P) of the Ap horizon of cropped fields continuously irrigated for 26 yr with secondary effluent from the Penn St...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2010.0215
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::High suspended sediment (SPS) concentration commonly exists in many Asian rivers. Furthermore, climate change can cause high floods and lead to the resuspension of sediments and soil erosion, resulting in high SPS concentration in many natural waters. This research studied the impact of the presence of SPS and organic...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2010.0305
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::High ground-level ozone continues to be an important human, animal, and plant health impediment in the United States and especially in California's San Joaquin Valley (SJV). According to California state and regional air quality agencies, dairies are one of the major sources of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2010.0302
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The occurrence of broad-host-range (BHR) plasmid amplicons belonging to incompatibility (Inc) groups IncA/C, IncN, IncP, and IncW in two wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents and effluent-receiving streams in Northwest Arkansas, Mud Creek and Spring Creek, was determined. Community DNA captured on filter membran...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2010.0228
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00